Q1. How were Himalayas formed?

Q2. Give any 5 differences between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.

Q3. Give 5 main characteristics of Northern Plains.

Q4. Give a brief description of peninsular plateau. Name its sub division.

Q5. Write any 5 characteristics of Indian desert.

Q6. Name 3 parallel ranges of Himalaya. What are their distinguishing features?

Q7. How the plate boundaries are formed? Explain.

Q8. Write a note on Indian island.

Q9. Give 3 ways in which Himalayas are as a boon for India?

Q10. Explain the following:
(a) Purwanchal Hills
(b) Central Highlands
(c) Khadar, Bhangar, Bhabhar and Terai.

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Q1. The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Orissa
(c) Chhattisgarh
(d) Tripura
Ans: (b) Orissa

Q2. The easternmost longitude of India is
(a) 97° 25' E
(b) 68° 7' E
(c) 77° 6' E
(d) 82° 32' E
Ans: (a) 97° 25' E

Q3. Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim have common frontiers with
(a) China
(b) Bhutan
(c) Nepal
(d) Myanmar
Ans: (c) Nepal

Q4. If you intend to visit Kavarati during your summer vacations, which one of the following Union Territories of India you will be going to
(a) Puducherry
(b) Lakshadweep
(c) Andaman and Nicobar
(d) Diu and Daman
Ans: (b) Lakshadweep

Q5. My friend hails from a country which does not share land boundary with India. Identify the country.
(a) Bhutan
(b) Tajikistan
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Nepal
Ans: (b) Tajikistan

Q6. Name the group of islands lying in the Arabian sea.
Ans: Lakshadweep the group of islands lying in the Arabian sea.

Q7. Name the countries which are larger than India.
Ans: Russia, Canada, USA, China, Brazil and Australia are the countries larger than India.

Q8. Which island group of India lies to its south-east?
Ans: Andaman and Nicobar island group of India lies to its south-east.

Q9. Which island countries are our southern neighbours?
Ans: Maldives and Sri Lanka are are our southern neighbouring island countries.

Q10. The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the west but the watches show the same time. How does this happen?
Ans:
• The longitudinal extent of India is 30^o.
• The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
• It takes 4 minutes for the sun to move across 1 longitude. Thus, the eastern most point of India would be 2 hours ahead of the western most point (30 x 4 = 120 minutes), in accordance with the local time.
• This difference in time might create confusion in air and rail timings and so many other things across the two states. To avoid this confusion a longitude passing through the midpoint of 68^o 7' East (western most longitude) and 97^o 25' East (eastern most longitude) is taken as the standard prime meridian of India (i.e. 82^o30').
• The time at the standard meridian 82^o30' which passes through Mirzapur in UP is taken as the standard time of India, followed all over the country and hence the watches show the same time in both the states (i.e. Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat).

Q11. The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?
Ans: The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance because of the following reasons:
(a) India is centrally located on the world map.
(b) India has longest coastline on the Indian Ocean.
(c) It is surrounded by three water bodies, in the south by the Indian Ocean, in the east by the Bay of Bengal and in the west by the Arabian Sea.
(d) India is strategically located at the centre of the trans-Indian Ocean routes which connect the European countries in the west and the countries of East Asia. Thus, India could establish close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the western coast. Moreover, it could establish close contact with Southeast and East Asia from the eastern coast.
(e) Ocean sea routes, i.e., Suez Canal route, Cape of Good Hope route, pass through the Indian Ocean.
(f) India has been able to establish close cultural and commercial contacts with countries of west and east due to its central location.

Q12. Map Work
Ans:

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Q1. Why has 82⁰30' E selected as standard meridian of India?

Q2. Why is the difference between the duration of the day and night hardly felt in Kanyakumari but it is not so in Kashmir?

Q3. The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in west. Explain in brief.

Q4. Which countries together make the Indian subcontinent? Name all the neighboring countries of India.

Q5. Write the significance of 'Silk route'.

Q6. Distinguish between latitudes and Longitude.

Q7. What is meant by Standard meridian?

Q8. Describe the location and size of India.

Q9. The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance. Why?

Q10. How has the strategic location of India contributed to the exchange of ideas and commodities, through land and sea, since ancient times?

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1. The island groups of India lying in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.

2. The countries constituting Indian Subcontinent.

3. The states through which the Tropic of Cancer passes.

4. The northernmost latitude in degrees.

5. The southernmost latitude of the Indian mainland in degrees.

6. The eastern and the western most longitudes in degrees.

7. The place situated on the three seas.

8. The strait separating Sri Lanka and India.

9. The Union Territories of India.

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